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When Mowlana Sultan Muhammad Shah says in the same way insan is the master of his nafs translated as man is the master of his animal soul there needs to be greater analysis. Insan in Arabic and then adopted into the Indic languages denotes a creation that is superlative. There is an-nas which means mankind, then al-ins or the human and finally al-insaan which is The Human Being.

So it is actually a human being which is in control of his nafs. Here since nafs hasn't been designated as an-nafs al-ammara, an-nafs al-lawamma or an-nafs al-mutmaina it is inclusive of all three states which the nafs or soul posseses. Thus a human being is in control of the soul which incites to evil, the soul which is reproaching and the soul that is contented.

The way this occurs the Imam stated was through the reins the rider holds. The reins here are representative of 'aql or intellect whose function it is to fetter the soul which Mowlana Sultan Muhammad Shah speaks about further in Farman 125 of Kalam-E-Imam-E-Mubin.

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Thanks Amin. That is a great elaboration/explication of the Imam's guidance in that line. Much appreciated.

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Where would I be able to get the Kalame Imame Mubin book?

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